In the lists of subscriptions of the Ninth Council of Toledo (similarly as in the Eighth in 653) some abbots act on their own behalf (and not as vicars of absent bishops). The abbots sign the decrees after the bishops present at the council and before the vicars. In the same place there are signatures of the representatives of the Toledan clergy (such as archpresbyter and/or primicerius of Toledo). See Bishko 1941 and Orlandis 1986.