Presbyters Uniwersytet Warszawski
ID
ER 25
A Donatist presbyter (possibly without the knowledge of his bishop) rebaptized a young Catholic man who had mistreated his mother. Account of Augustine of Hippo writing in North Africa ca AD 396. Account of Augustine of Hippo writing in North Africa ca AD 396. Letter 34-35.
Letter 34
 
Augustine refers to the history of a young man who was violently mistreating his mother and whom he therefore admonished himself. In response, the young man threatened that he would pass to the Donatist community, which he eventually did. He was rebaptized by presbyter Victor. Augustine deposed the account in municipal acts, and so did Victor, who had said that he acted following orders of his bishop Proculeian. Proculeian denies this, and therefore Augustine asks Eusebius, a magistrate in Hippo, to verify the facts:
 
5. [...] Peto igitur, sicut iam petiui per fratres nostros, bonos atque honestos uiros, quos ad tuam eximietatem misi, ut quaerere digneris, utrum Proculiani presbyter Victor non hoc ab episcopo suo mandatum acceperit, quod officio publico renuntiauit, an forte, cum et ipse Victor aliud dixerit, falsum illi apud acta prosecuti sint, cum sint communionis eiusdem.
 
Letter 35
 
1. [...] Nihil autem rogaueram aliud honorabilem benignitatem tuam, quod quaeso tandem in hac saltem epistula digneris aduertere, nisi ut quaereres a Proculiano, utrum hoc ipse dixerit Victori presbytero suo, quod ab eo sibi dictum publicum officium renuntiauit, an forte, qui missi sunt, non quod a Victore audierunt. sed falsum gestis prosecuti sint; [...]
 
(ed. Goldbacher 1898: 25-26)
Letter 34
 
Augustine refers to the history of a young man who was violently mistreating his mother and whom he therefore admonished himself. In response, the young man threatened that he would pass to the Donatist community, which he eventually did. He was rebaptized by presbyter Victor. Augustine deposed the account in municipal acts, and so did Victor, who had said that he acted following orders of his bishop Proculeian. Proculeian denies this, and therefore Augustine asks Eusebius, a magistrate in Hippo, to verify the facts:
 
5.  [...] I ask, therefore, as I have already asked through our brothers, good and honest men, whom I have sent to Your Excellency, that you deign to investigate whether Victor, the priest of Proculeian, did not receive this order from his bishop that he reported to the public authorities or whether, though Victor himself said something different, they charged him with falsehood in the proceedings, though they belong to the same communion.
 
Letter 35
 
1. [...]  I had, however, asked nothing else of Your Honor and Grace but this one request, and I ask in this letter that you at least deign to give it your attention. Ask Proculeian whether he said to his priest, Victor, what the public records reported that he said to him. Or did those who were sent to do this not write down in the records what they heard from Victor, but what was false? [...]
 
(trans. R. Teske)
 

Discussion:

The passage gives us a glimpse of the relations between presbyters and bishops in the Donatist community. It shows also that the baptism (or re-baptism) was performed during the Holy Week (cf Letter 34.2: allusion to Easter amnesties) by a presbyter, not a bishop.

Place of event:

Region
  • Latin North Africa
City
  • Hippo Regius

About the source:

Author: Augustine of Hippo
Title: Letters, Epistulae
Origin: Hippo Regius (Latin North Africa)
Denomination: Catholic/Nicene/Chalcedonian
The letters of Augustine of Hippo cover a wide range of topics: Holy Scripture, dogma and liturgy, philosophy, religious practice and everyday life. They range from full-scale theological treatises to small notes asking someone for a favour. The preserved corpus includes 308 letters, 252 written by Augustine, 49 that others sent to him and seven exchanged between third parties. 29 letters have been discovered only in the 20th century and edited in 1981 by Johannes Divjak; they are distinguished by the asterisk (*) after their number.
The preserved letters of Augustine extend over the period from his stay at Cassiciacum in 386 to his death in Hippo in 430
We are more or less sure about the date of this exact letter because Augustine refers to his lack of experience in episcopacy: "And yet I fail to understand what this man, who says that he has been a bishop for so many years, is afraid of in me, a mere beginner, that he does not want to hold a discussion with me" (Ep. 34.6). The letter is directed to a civil magistrate in Hippo, Eusebius.
Edition:
A. Goldbacher ed., S. Augustini Hipponiensis Episcopi Epistulae, Pars 2, Ep. 31-123, Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum 34/2,  Prague-Vienna-Leipzig 1898.
 
 Saint Augustine, Letters 1-99, trans. R. Teske, New York, 2001.

Categories:

Religious grouping (other than Catholic/Nicene/Chalcedonian) - Donatist
Functions within the Church - Urban presbyter
Described by a title - Presbyter/πρεσβύτερος
Ritual activity - Baptism and instructing catechumens
Relation with - Bishop/Monastic superior
Relation with - Secular authority
Please quote this record referring to its author, database name, number, and, if possible, stable URL: S. Adamiak, Presbyters in the Late Antique West, ER25, http://presbytersproject.ihuw.pl/index.php?id=6&SourceID=25