Presbyters Uniwersytet Warszawski
ID
ER 1660
In the letter to Pope Leo the Great, Bishop Paschasinus of Lilybaeum (Sicily) tells the story of the baptismal font miraculously filling at the Easter vigil in 417 in a certain humble church in Meltinas near Lilybaeum ruled by a presbyter. Letter 3 in the collection of the letters of Pope Leo the Great "Apostolatus vestri", written in Lilybaeum (Sicily), 443.
Letter 3
 
Paschasinus of Lilybaeum consults the pope about the Paschal cycle and on which date Easter should be celebrated the following year (probably AD 444). Paschasinus himself is convinced that the Alexandrian computus is more correct than the ambiguous Roman. He refers also to the "computation of the Hebrews," that is, to setting the Pascha on the fourteentth day of the moon. He tells the story of the controversy about the date of Easter in AD 417 (tempore ... Zosimi, anno consulatus Honorii Augusti undecimo et Constantii secundo "in the times of Zosimus, in the year of the eleventh consulship of the Emperor Honorius and second of Constantius"). That year, Easter was celebrated on 25 March, not on 22 April. The error was shown by the following miracle:
 
3. Quaedam vilissima possessio, Meltinas appellatur in montibus arduis ac silvis densissimis constituta, illicque perparva atque vili opere constructa est Ecclesia. In cuius baptisterio nocte sacrosancta paschali, baptizandi hora, cum nullus canalis, nulla sit fistula, nec aqua omnino vicina, fons ex se repletur, paucisque qui fuerint consecratis, cum deductorium nullum habeat, ut aqua venerat, ex sese discedit. Tunc ergo, sicut supra diximus, sub sanctae memoriae domino quondam meo ac beatissimo papa Zosimo, cum apud Occidentales error ortus fuisset, consuetis lectionibus nocte sancta decursis, cum presbyter secundum morem baptizandi horam requireret, usque ad lucem aqua non veniente, non consecrati, qui baptizandi fuerant, recesserunt. Ut ergo breviter narrem, illa nocte, quae lucescebat in diem Dominicam, decimo die kalendas Maii fons sacer hora competenti repletus est. Evidenti ergo miraculo claruit Occidentalium partium fuisse errorem.
 
(ed. Krusch 1880: 249-250)
Letter 3
 
Paschasinus of Lilybaeum consults the pope about the Paschal cycle and on which date Easter should be celebrated the following year (probably AD 444). Paschasinus himself is convinced that the Alexandrian computus is more correct than the ambiguous Roman. He refers also to the "computation of the Hebrews," that is, to setting the Pascha on the fourteentth day of the moon. He tells the story of the controversy about the date of Easter in AD 417 (tempore ... Zosimi, anno consulatus Honorii Augusti undecimo et Constantii secundo "in the times of Zosimus, in the year of the eleventh consulship of the Emperor Honorius and second of Constantius"). That year, Easter was celebrated on 25 March, not on 22 April. The error was shown by the following miracle:
 
3. There is a certain very humble estate called Meltinas in the steep mountains and the most dense forests, and on this estate, there is a very small, poorly built church. In the baptistery of this church in the holy paschal night in the hour of baptizing the baptismal font refilled by itself though there was neither a canal nor a pipe, nor water in the neighbourhood. After the consecration of a few who were there, because there was no drain, the water disappeared as it came. In the year, then, which we mentioned above [i.e. AD 417] during the pontificate of my late lord, the most blessed pope Zosimus of holy memory, because the error arosed among the Westerners, after reading the customary readings in the holy night, the presbyter, according to custom, went to look for the water in the hour of baptizing. But the water did not appear before dawn, and those who were supposed to be baptized left without consecration. To cut a long story short, in this night preceding Sunday on the tenth day before the Kalends of May, the holy font was filled with water at the proper hour. This miracle showed clearly that the Westerners were wrong.
 
(trans. and summary by M. Szada)

Place of event:

Region
  • Rome
  • Italy south of Rome and Sicily
City
  • Rome
  • Lilybaeum
  • Meltinas

About the source:

Author: Paschasinus of Lilybaeum
Title: Letters, Epistulae
Origin: Rome (Rome)
Denomination: Catholic/Nicene/Chalcedonian
Leo the Great was the bishop of Rome from AD 440 to his death in AD 461. We have the collection of 173 his letters.
 
Paschasinus was a bishop of Lilybaeum and later a papal legate at the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451. The present letter is important evidence for the history of the Easter Computus and controversies over the orthodox way of establishing the date of Easter. See Mosshammer 2008: 62–63.
 
The letter is datable do AD 443:  it most probably refers to the forthcoming Easter of AD 444 since Paschasinus informs Leo that the year in question is the eighth year of an Ogdoad that began in the consulship of Aetius and Sigisvultus; that is, in AD 437.
Edition:
B. Krusch ed., Studien zur Christlich-mittelalterlichen Chronologie. Der 84-jahrige Ostercyclus und seine Quellen, Leipzig 1880, pp. 247-250
P. and G. Ballerini eds., Sancti Leoni Magni Romani pontificis opera, vol. 1, Venice 1753
Patrologia Latina, vol. 54
Bibliography:
A.A. Mosshammer, The Easter Computus and the Origins of the Christian Era, Oxford 2008.

Categories:

Functions within the Church - Parish presbyter
Functions within the Church - Rural presbyter
Described by a title - Presbyter/πρεσβύτερος
Ritual activity - Baptism and instructing catechumens
Economic status and activity - Indication of poverty
Devotion - Supernatural experience
Please quote this record referring to its author, database name, number, and, if possible, stable URL: M. Szada, Presbyters in the Late Antique West, ER1660, http://presbytersproject.ihuw.pl/index.php?id=6&SourceID=1660